When Africa comes to this consciousness of her unity, it will be very difficult for her to be pillaged by imperialist powers. Hand-picked stories once a fortnight. Setting a price on the votes, they are easily bought and favored under with the help of a few pricy notes. The two nations have clashed over the control of, upstream water barrages and infrastructure projects. WebThe impact of political machines caused a negative influence politically and socially. While this could clear up uncertainty around water prices, treating water as a tradable commodity puts basic human rights in the hands of financial institutions and investors. It is obvious from Putins July 12, 2021, essay that he understood at that time that Ukrainian nationalism is a powerful force and that the civil war in the Donbass, which had been going on since 2014, had done much to poison relations between Russia and Ukraine. Contaminated and unsafe water is another contributing factor of water shortages. Those who believe in facts and logic will quickly discover that the United States and its allies are mainly responsible for this train wreck. Though the dam brings huge economic and social benefits for Ethiopia and generate energy to two-thirds of the population, Egypt could potentially lose as much as 36% of the total water supply as the dam reduces water flowing downstream. From the religious perspective, leaders of different religions have the duty to talk and educate their adherents that killings and causing crises in the continent will not in anyway guarantee one paradise. Here are the main causes and effects of water shortage and what we can do about it. It is widely accepted among international relations scholars that there is a powerful tendency for protracted wars to escalate. Political ideologies can shape an individual's or group's views on issues You might also like: The Looming Colorado Water Shortage Crisis. This seems to be the situation of Africa. Additionally, the actual practice of the system in the real world may Political leaders are responsible for making decisions that shape the What kind of effects would it then be resurrecting on a country? Africans should see themselves as one and shun tribal sentiments. The tragic truth is that if the West had not pursued NATO expansion into Ukraine, it is unlikely there would be a war in Ukraine today and Crimea would still be part of Ukraine. However, if some political capital is heritable (e.g., a prominent name or a powerful network), dynastic politics may render elections less effective at selecting good leaders and disciplining them in office. Also see: Major Reasons Why women dont participate in politics. Likewise, China is also at risk of running out of water due to poor water management. The Biden administration and the countries on NATOs eastern flanklike Poland and the Baltic statesarelikely to supportUkraines ultra-nationalists on this issue. As we only have, of the Earths freshwater accessible to us, human activity is actively threatening our own water resources. WebPolitical machines were supported by continuing immigration, sustained by patronage, enlarged by wealth, and in the end were weeded out by reformers progress for public This is the other scenario, according to Avril Haines, where the Russians might turn to nuclear weapons. In any country, Politics are a major part of its development and history. This is done by many and is unfortunately the worst effect of politics. The over 3,000 (three thousand) tribes in the continent spread across the various countries in the continent. Get focused newsletters especially designed to be concise and easy to digest. Why is there so much conflict in Africa? Imperialist and Neo-Colonialist Agenda: Africa is independent, only to the extent of her being able to rule over herself politically. These points have been detailed as follows. Political philosophy often arises from a desire to understand and explain Political Dynasties in Democracies: Causes, Consequences and Remaining Without a well organized political system, a country is unlikely to develop and stand through the challenges that surround its progress. The poor As the global population continues to grow, agricultural production is required to expand by another 70% by 2050 to keep up with demand, thereby redirecting even more freshwater resources., In February 2021, the UN World Food Program reported that severe drought caused by record dry conditions has left an estimated 13 million people facing hunger in the Horn of Africa. Africa is still tied to the apron strings of her colonial masters as all her policies both economic and otherwise are tailored towards the desires of her colonizers. Democracy One of the very important reasons that were even concerned about the political system is the Democracy. Leaders who are keen on the development of Africa are overthrown just to give way to a puppet that will do the economic biddings of the West and East. The effect of this greed is that those who feel left out in the distribution of the wealth of a country resort to taking up arms against the country. This worrying trend is causing many to pose the question: are we running out of water?, The short answer is yes, primarily driven by climate change and global population growth. As a result of this, other leaders dont get a chance. As the power of the notables declined, the political party emerged as the organizing force in the American system of government. Being a negative thing, this is also the most obvious reasons why people and politicians do not mix. principles that underlie political systems and the exercise of political Urban Political Machines - Arleta High This is not so in Africa. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. The war, in all its dimensions, hasexacerbateda global cost-of-living crisis unseen in at least a generation, compromising lives, livelihoods, and our aspirations for a better world by 2030.. The Bush administration, however, cared little about Moscows brightest of red lines and pressured the French and German leaders to agree to issuing a public pronouncement declaring that Ukraine and Georgia would eventually join the alliance. and ideologies that reflect the current political and social challenges and The second key assumption was that the He is delivering on that promise. She has not been able to develop herself. We have the Anglophone Countries which do the biddings of Britain, the Francophone Countries which do the biddings of France and other countries that do the biddings of their masters. The war in Ukraine is a multi-dimensional disaster, which is likely to get much worse in the foreseeable future. Though the dam brings huge economic and social benefits for Ethiopia and generate energy to two-thirds of the population, Egypt could potentially lose as much as 36% of the total water supply as the dam reduces water flowing downstream. The Biden administration was unwilling to eliminate that threat through diplomacy and indeed in 2021 recommitted the United States to bringing Ukraine into NATO. This being the case, Africa becomes a battlefield for the advanced nations of the world who seek to control her for the benefits that they derive. Water pollution can come from a number of sources, including sewage and wastewater more than 80% of the worlds wastewater flows back into the environment without being treated, and agricultural and industrial runoff, where pesticides and toxic chemicals leach into the groundwater and nearby freshwater systems. Others point out that hecalledthe collapse of the Soviet Union the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the century. Of course, Putin alsosaid, Whoever does not miss the Soviet Union has no heart. But that outcome is unacceptable to the Biden administration and a large portion of the American foreign policy establishment, because it would represent a victory for Russia. The Effect of Political Machines on the Democratic System. The Nigeria-Biafra war alone saw to the loss of over 6 million lives. Support for Ukraine: Whatever It Takes, as Long as It Takes to Do What? The strategy was set in motion at NATOs annual summit in Bucharest in April 2008, when the allianceannouncedthat Ukraine and Georgia will become members. Russian leaders responded immediately with outrage, making it clearthatthey saw thisdecisionas an existential threat, and they had no intention of letting either country join NATO. Tribalism and ethnicity have caused some of the greatest fratricidal wars ever witnessed on the continent. The United States and its allies, he said, continue to pump the current Kiev authorities full of modern types of weapons. He went on tosaythat if this was not stopped, Moscow would be left with an anti-Russia armed to the teeth. This is most demonstrable by the ongoing megadrought in the western regions of the US, where it is in the midst of its driest conditions in history., No continent on Earth has been untouched by water scarcity, and an increasing number of regions are reaching the limit at which they can provide water services sustainably, especially in arid regions. Other Russian leadersincluding the defense minister, the foreign minister, the deputy foreign minister, and the Russian ambassador to Washingtonalso emphasized the centrality of NATO expansion for causing the Ukraine crisis. It therefore behooves on Africa and Africans to forge a United front and make Africa developed. However, water scarcity and shortage can lead to other serious impacts on the environment and threaten global peace and security as well., We need water to produce food that we eat. 2. That is true for the moment, but there are deep fissures below the surface, and they are bound to reassert themselves over time. The April 2008 decision to bring Ukraine and Georgia into NATO was destined to lead to conflict with Russia. The USs water trade market, the first of its kind, was launched in 2020 with USD$1.1 billion in contracts tied to California water prices. Even so, some supporters of this policyarguethat Moscow should not have been concerned, because NATO is a defensive alliance and poses no threat to Russia. But that is not how Putin and other Russian leaders think about NATO and it is what they think that matters. Although someassertthat he frequently lies and cannot be trusted, there is little evidence of him lying to foreign audiences. Relatedly, it is important to note that NATO expansion before February 2014 was not aimed at containing Russia. Thus, the interest of the world powers in Africa is very strong as they wish to expand their economic hegemony on the continent. It is trite that your oppressor cannot grant you freedom on a platter of gold, not when he gains so much in your oppressed state. Thanks to the politics, it has been quite deep rooted in the present culture. Answer the question. Estimates are that approximately 100 billion dollars worth of damage has been inflicted on Ukraine and that it will take close to a trillion dollars to rebuild the country. At the same time, President Biden himself hascalledRussias war in Ukraine a genocide and charged Putin with being a war criminal who should face a war crimes trial after the war. Let me now turn to the real cause of the Ukraine crisis. Dependence on the West/East: Africa as a continent consistently depends on the West and East for survival. The preferred stock is noncumulative, and the company did not pay a dividend in each of the two previous years. Unsurprisingly, on June 14, 2021, NATOissuedthe following communique at its annual summit in Brussels: We reiterate the decision made at the 2008 Bucharest Summit that Ukraine will become a member of the Alliance with the Membership Action Plan (MAP) as an integral part of the process; we reaffirm all elements of that decision, as well as subsequent decisions, including that each partner will be judged on its own merits. President Biden, who moved into the White House in January 2021, had long beencommittedto bringing Ukraine into NATO and was also super-hawkish toward Russia. If Russia were to employ nuclear weapons in Ukraine, it is impossible to say how the Biden administration would react, but it surely would be under great pressure to retaliate, thereby raising the possibility of a great-power nuclear war. Putins logic should make perfect sense to Americans, who have long been committed to the Monroe Doctrine, which stipulates that no distant great power is allowed to place any of its military forces in the Western Hemisphere. Until 1936, Britain had administered the Palestine Mandate in the light of a Your email address will not be published. fascism, among others. Other causes of war included rivalry and disagreement. Religion should be a private affair between a person and his God or gods. Putin made numerous public statements during this period that left no doubt that he viewed NATO expansion into Ukraine as an existential threat. In the earlier times, it Expanding Democracy / Jacksonian Democracy / White Men Families are struggling to buy and secure food as a result, while high malnutrition rates are occurring across the region. The Effect of Political Machines on the Democratic System To the extent that purveyors of the conventional wisdom provide evidence, it has little if any bearing on Putins motives for invading Ukraine. Specifically, I am talking about Americas obsession with bringing Ukraine into NATO and making it a Western bulwark on Russias border. systems and ideologies. This is totally unacceptable.. The graft is to benefit the city boss. So, what are the prospects for negotiating a peace agreement and ending the war in the next few months? John J. Mearsheimer is the R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago. ideologies. Given that the United States and its NATO allies played a crucial role in the events that led to the Ukraine warand are now playing a central role in the conduct of that warit is appropriate to evaluate the Wests responsibility for this calamity. Imperial Russia, after all, must be contained. , which is 75% less than the global average, according to the World Bank. Properties worth billions of dollars have been destroyed in wars. Egypt could resort to military action to protect its water resources., Water has recently joined gold, oil and other commodities that, , prompting fears that the market could dramatically further exacerbate the effects of water shortage and increase competition.. In fact, the Russian leader was an invited guest to the April 2008 NATO summit in Bucharest where the alliance announced that Ukraine and Georgia would eventually become members. She is however not independent from the whims and caprices of her colonial masters. Loss of Lives and Properties: Conflicts in Africa have led to the loss of millions of lives and properties. The Tweed ring then proceeded to milk the city through such devices as faked leases, padded bills, false vouchers, unnecessary repairs, and overpriced goods and services bought from suppliers controlled by the ring. WebCauses of Dynasties in Democracies Scholars of elite dominance have long noted that the ruling class may be able to perpetuate its power over the less organised masses, even within a democracy (Mosca, 1896; Pareto, 1901; Mills, 1956 ). Democracy can be defined as a form of government which is being followed presently. It is not likely, but certainly possible that American or maybe Polish troops would get pulled into the fighting, which means NATO would literally be at war with Russia. The main reason for my pessimism is that both Russia and the United States are deeply committed to winning the war and it is impossible to fashion an agreement where both sides win. Right to Vote It is because of the political system that in India, every person above 18 years of age holds an equal right to vote regardless of their caste or creed. Political leaders and motivators are the some of the important persons that run and maintain a political system of a country. In short NATO enlargement was not intended to contain a Russian threat but was instead part of a broader policy to spread the liberal international order into eastern Europe and make the entire continent look like western Europe. Examples of political systems include: democracy, monarchy, History will judge the United States and its allies harshly for their remarkably foolish policy on Ukraine. Some tribes find themselves in two or more countries. There will be no change. Putin then launched an invasion of Ukraine to eliminate the threat he saw from NATO. Water pollution already kills more people each year than war and all other forms of violence combined. 3. Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov made the point succinctly at a press conference on January 14, 2022, when hesaid, the key to everything is the guarantee that NATO will not expand eastward.. On September 1, 2021, Zelensky visited the White House, where Bidenmade it clearthat the United States was firmly committed to Ukraines Euro-Atlantic aspirations. Then on November 10, 2021, Secretary of State Antony Blinken, and his Ukrainian counterpart, Dmytro Kuleba,signedan important documentthe US-Ukraine Charter on Strategic Partnership. The aim of both parties, the document stated, is to underscore a commitment to Ukraines implementation of the deep and comprehensive reforms necessary for full integration into European and Euro-Atlantic institutions. That document explicitly builds not just on the commitments made to strengthen the Ukraine-U.S. strategic partnership by Presidents Zelensky and Biden, but also reaffirms the U.S. commitment to the 2008 Bucharest Summit Declaration.. They also concluded that wet regions are expected to get wetter while dry regions will get drier., In China for example, the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers are two major water resources that support the country. They rely on the glacial meltwater from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. What if the leaders arent worth it? To be more specific, the key to a settlement from Russias perspective is making Ukraine a neutral state, ending the prospect of integrating Kyiv into the West. Second, the Biden administration has reacted to the outbreak of war by doubling down against Russia. Environmental News, Data Analysis, Research & Policy Solutions. The negative effect of politics ponders over the people and they are drawn to the fearful side where the RTI cannot be used by a common man. Global warming, where temperatures in the glacial region rose by 3- 3.5C over the past half-century, has produced less snow and ice mass, causing glacial run-off into the Yangtze to be reduced by 13.9% since the 1990s., Today, the worlds population is just short of eight billion people, which translates to a growing demand for water amid water stress from climate change.