The addition of wave energy as waves meet producing larger waves. Chloride, Sodium, Sulfate, Magnesium, Calcium, Potassium, Bicarbonate, and Bromine. The southern boundary of the subtropical gyre is similarly associated with the maximum in the easterly winds. +Reservoirs behind dams trap sediment which deprives downstream rivers of sediment which is an important part of the ecosystem "h5'*i# N~E}hP 7KEQ ?UEGg*+&76~UR~59T\ ;AQ*02zWU `oRFJst, You can find free online copies of the current rules for download on the2023 Rules pageof theScience Olympiad website. Surface currents are powered by the sun and ______________. Those nutrients nourish phytoplankton and ultimately animals like killer whales that are farther up the food chain. WQB@G0IST>9U'FfW#*QQHy Bj3/3QUQ4 z*=k6P;Vy$nJn j?oWT] +R+|6~UqyT< At the base of this mixing layer is the beginning of the thermocline. Recently developed dual-frequency sidescan sonar can even be used to distinguish rock types. Teams will be presented with data, charts/graphs, pictures or diagrams and/or written descriptions. +change in x over change in y but in topo map terms, The lowest level to which a stream can erode or running water can flow (the part of the slide where a kid starts to slow down - the flattened bottom), the flat, wide area of land along a river; an area that is subject to natural flooding from an adjoining waterway, cut bank, point bar, oxbow lake, natural levee, & backswamp (see images). The drainage pattern developed in this case is called _______ drainage. =sedimentation _____ operates by emitting short acoustic pulses along a transmitter beam, the central transducer. no clear pattern, areas covered by continental galcial ice sheet. From https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/SeaIce: Sea ice also plays a fundamental role in polar ecosystems. It checks its sensors as it descends and reports their status to the ship. Cycle B passes Cycle C. The layers range from several millimetres to many metres in thickness and vary greatly in shape. A phenomenon in which Earth's plates split apart causing more rock to erupt to the ocean floor. Animals that are free to swim through the water column. Science Olympiad is a national STEM competition dedicated to improving the quality of K-12 science education, increasing interest and engagement in science, and providing recognition for outstanding achievement by students and teachers. These channels tend to form in rivers that have a significant amount of sedimentary load. The temperature is constantly near freezing and only a few creatures can be found in these crushing depths. a dome-shaped mound consisting of a layer of soil over a large core of ice, occurring in areas with high amounts of permafrost. The layering of sediment that forms in most sedimentary and igneous rocks. =DPP$UqE W:"hE t(j'h &h &8 T ` -#4yl&r35_TPyl%|zzOoT-OA$j&zr{Q{B 0b:cH7?a z@j0n*'HoOQT(P7#U`fW5[2 oGTgopb h%>[ 0 zFT'x*w@JBd)[y{~M what is the approximate tidal range on dec. 3rd between 12pm and 6pm? Oceanography Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Oceanography 2021 STUDY Flashcards Learn Write Spell Test PLAY Match Gravity Surface Currents Click card to see definition These transfer heat from tropical to polar regions, distribute nutrients, scatter organisms and influence weather and climate. These tides are a time of greatest variation between high and low tides. Which direction do gyres flow in the Northern hemisphere? These springs slowly let water out through loose soil or rock and are often found in land depressions or low in valleys. The temperature in this zone is constant. #n;v_D^BB$6xDPq+qB\BHVyiam^d(8*rMTE:R[*m{E*|*,71kO^ g jEN5{&;%ul=HhE>[*ZO>4NNNsg'zURG The Science Olympiad consists of interscholastic competitions for students in grades 6th-12th. The ability of a rock, soil, or sediment to let fluids pass through its open spaces or pores. The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface. *ZTQ!%*e,w8z2yACs[N#t}NZt>?.9,$#_5c These slowly move up stream due to erosion, as of course, the water fall eats away at the land. Occur where a river meets an area of rock that erodes slowly, process by which a stream in one watershed is captured by a stream in an adjacent watershed, channel irregularities such as rapids and waterfalls, deposits of sand and soil at the mouth of a river form, graph used to show if sediments will deposit, transport, or erode sediment. +Because dams are built to store water, they also store the sediment that all rivers carry. Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2020 Rules)2020 Science Olympiad: Dynamic Planet NOAA2019 Regional Test and answer sheet and figure packetDynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2018 Rules)Dynamic Planet ResourcesGlacial Margin GeologyIce Core ObservationsProperties of IceGlacial Mass BalanceTypes of GlaciersGlacier Landforms and FeaturesGlacier LandformsGlacier Landforms pt 2Glacier HydrologyGlacier Global ImpactThe History of Ice on EarthIce Core BasicsMilankovitch Cycles and GlaciationLaurentide Ice Sheet RetreatIce Sheet ChangesStudying GlaciersCryosphere ChangesOxygen BalanceGlacial DepositsDynamic Planet Great Climateand GlacierGraphsand Maps, 2018 Dynamic Planet Regional Test2018 Dynamic Planet State TestCorrelation of Stratigraphic UnitsDynamic Planet Test from 2016NASAs Earth ObservatoryNCState GeoSciences YouTube channel. Acoustic systems also allow remote estimates of organism biomass, individual sizes, and numbers of animals present in the water column. ]zT8S %HFO$e@ . S;xMx /S small free-floating animals that form part of plankton that feed on marine algae. Z:* >f:,4)| H+bGz`Pp)g$~*3D~ a9jG>Z$|T'0PWC_z_iPH@ QcLrmqq From 3,300 ft. (1,000 meters) to 13,100 ft. (4,000 meters) due to its constant darkness, this zone is also called the midnight zone. About a dozen amphidromic points exist in the world ocean. Precise modern navigation allows ship motion to be subtracted from the data. . dynamic planet science olympiad 2021 quizlet %PDF-1.5 +caused by heavy rainfall, the average time between successive geologic events such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, etc. 2023 Division B Events | Science Olympiad %PDF-1.5 Eddies can form. Instruments can be moored in the ocean for months or years to collect samples or data. Satellite-based instruments useful to oceanographers studying ocean circulation include altimeters, which register variations in sea level slope that indicate current flow, and infrared sensors that show currents, eddies, and other circulation features. Sometimes called a node. From these measurements, accurate estimates of air-sea fluxes can be made. Circular flow pattern of water caused by deflection of water by continents and the ocean basin. definition of a catalyst: A catalyst increases the yield What is a gyre? =the water cycle Year Event Division Tournament Author Files; 1: 2022: Anatomy & Physiology: BC: Summer Science Olympiad Study Session: 25rat: key sheet test: 2: 2022: Anatomy & Physiology the slope of the water table; the driving force that causes groundwater to move in the direction of maximum decreasing total head. A natural source of water formed when water from an aquifer percolates up to the ground surface. Correct the mistakes in the following students these ions are carried away in runoffs to streams to Rivers and then the ocean. A body of water that is surrounded by land it can be fresh water or salt water. +This spring occurs in underground cave systems, which resemble underground highways or tubes These boundary currents are shallow and broad with boundaries that are not well defined. It depends on wind patterns in the atmosphere. The GMOA Notes also apply to most Dynamic Planet topics. is the ratio between the length of the channel and the straight-line path length along the valley floor. New Business Models. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. Home. A "no-tide" point in an ocean caused by basin resonances, friction, and other factors around which tide crests rotate. B. Oceanography Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. +evaporation = 90% of water vapor Is a velocity measurement technique that allows for the measurement of 3D flow velocities by using the Doppler shift principle. a. Doisy burned 5.00 mg of this precious sample in oxygen and found that 14.54 mg of CO2CO_2CO2 and 3.97 mg of H2OH_2OH2O were generated. Ship-wire-deployed and free-drifting water sampling and incubation instruments measure plant nutrient uptake, bacterial incorporation of dissolved organics, and plankton feeding rates. endobj Dynamic Planet Division: B - Middle School NC Essential Standards Alignment: 8.E.1 Event Rules: None Event Score Sheet: None National Event Page: Here Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. Dynamic Planet | NC Science Olympiad =oil leaks +By trapping sediment in reservoirs, dams interrupt the continuity of sediment transport through rivers, resulting in loss of reservoir storage and reduced usable life, and depriving downstream reaches of sediments essential for channel form and aquatic habitats. In this event, students will use process skills to complete tasks related to Earths fresh waters. These "free vehicles" may be described as a way to take the laboratory to the seafloor. Some rocks are fractured in a rectangular fashion and streams develop on the fractures. a technique used to measure the discharge, or the volume of water moving through a channel per unit time, of a stream. The normal range of ocean _______ ranges between 33 to 37 g per liter (33 - 37) however, there are areas of high and low _______. Salt in the ocean comes from rocks on land. 42 0 obj The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused by wind. Continental shelf, submarine canyon, continental slope, continental rise, transform, abyssal plain, mid-oceanic ridge, guyot, trench, and seamount. undersea mountain ranges are ______ than mountains on land. Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. (See image), an underground boundary between the soil surface (zone of aeration) and the area where groundwater saturates spaces between sediments and cracks in rock (zone of saturation). Waves with ___________ wavelengths move the fastest. +is a key process within the water cycle The lander makes a second buoyancy adjustment to insure stability once it has landed. Science Olympiad Division B - Green Generation, Applications and Investigations In Earth Science, Dennis G. Tasa, Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Project Team Orientation: SAP SuccessFactors. and more. There are many processes at work. The temperate regions are characterized by____? Collective term for the dripstone features found in caverns (Cave formations), formed by the dissolution of limestone deposits, Large landslides can block rivers and create lakes in the mountains, These lakes are caused by the activities of living organisms, Lack of mixing of a lake due to differences in water temperature (density), Waves produced by the energy of moving water, water-saturated land area that supports aquatic plants. Where is a semidesert most likely to be found? endobj The surface layer, also called the sunlight zone. Click again to see term 1/229 Previous Next Underwater vehicle used in ocean exploration that is well constructed to withstand pressure. there is no net transmission of energy in a standing wave, the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface influenced by the moon's gravity pulling on earth. Interaction with the wind keeps this layer mixed and thus allows the heat from the sun to be distributed vertically. 40 0 obj Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. An underwater moutain chain where new ocean floor is formed. Another is the expendable BathyThermograph (XBT), a temperature probe released on a weighted copper wire that unreels to record temperature and depth while the ship is underway. These waves have a wavelength greater than 1.73cm. Reflection occurs with little loss of energy. Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Oceanography 2021 - Quizlet c. The study of transport across oceans d. The worst event in Science Olympiad 2. What is the strongest influence upon tides? A wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range or some other area. While not exactly "seagoing" instruments, Earth-orbiting satellites play an important role in modern oceanography. Affected by: what is a steep-sided and v-shaped deep depression on the continental slope? As scientists try to understand movement of materials through the oceanic system, they moor sediment traps at various depths for many months to collect samples of particles sinking through the water column. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger, Samples: Water a time of no current, occurs at high and low tides when current change direction, water rushing into an enclosed area because of the rise in sea level as a tide crest approaches. Middle School (Division B) | NC Science Olympiad When ice freezes, the underlying water gets saltier and sinks, mixing the water column and bringing nutrients to the surface. What elements make up the structure of the ocean? Multi-channel seismic profiling penetrates several kilometers into the seafloor and the reflected or refracted sound gives pictures of various layers as the speed and direction of the sound waves are altered by the density, elasticity, and flow properties of the material they pass through. Each team may bring two stand-alone calculators ofany type. These waves tend to be less than 3m high, and have wavelengths between 60 - 150m in the ocean. Surface oceans circulation is driven primarily by what? Seafloor rocks can be gathered by towing a dredge consisting of a steel box and chain bag. The official rules in the current Rules Manual take precedence. how can a swimmer keep away from gettin ginto a rip current? +Water always flows downhill perpendicular to the contour lines. Sidescan sonar offers profiles of rock outcroppings and sediment surfaces at ranges up to several kilometers. xcbd`g`b``8 "~HFS0D~"YI6x.Fj der Tiergarten. american history final past test questions. For researchers especially interested in the seawater-seafloor interface, a gravity corer can return cores up to 20 feet (six meters) long with little core-top disturbance. A fan created as an underwater current deposits sediment. +comes from PRESSURE in confined aquifers forcing the water to the surface. the convergence, or blending, of many fans; these are common in dry climates, and can be narrow, few streams of water, or be wide, where dozens of alluvial fans converge. y Qu dice el, Vocabulary Lesson 9: Hopes and Wishes, Lesson, Lecture 19 - Introduction to google earth eng, ISZL IBGEO 2022 Freshwater Vocab and Features, 2019 Released EOC Practice Test-Biology NC, Science Olympiad - Division C - Forensics: Po, Science Olympiad Environmental Chemistry Glos, Christy C. Hayhoe, Doug Hayhoe, Jeff Major, Maurice DiGiuseppe, Prentice Hall Brief Review: The Living Environment 2019, Production and Management Exam 3-- Ch. l*IPQtw%0IPq:@ G>olu. =acid rain 3 (POD), constant high temperatures, plenty of rain, continental tropical air, low precipitation, scarce vegetation, mild winters, cool summers, abundant precipitation. In general this means that the boundary between the subtropical and subpolar gyres lies along the maximum of the westerly wind jet. A habitat in which the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean. even at the very bottom, life exists (A tiny single celled organism), Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Southern, Samples: Water Relationships between plants and animals of a biome having to do with what they eat. These devices can also be used on moorings and on profilers. If so, what determines any shape to gyres in the oceans? when the amount of sediment becomes greater than the carrying capacity of the force that is moving it; sediment from eroded materials settles. Are whales and other animals affected by changes in ocean circulation due to sea ice melting? nick point basically this just refers to a steep and rapid change in gradient; this is usually marked by a waterfall. endobj Almost microscopic algae and animals that are carried by current and waves. what are waves that break along the shore that form a curling crest over an air pocket called? Vz[wR:\hkDW There is a nick point here. (See and review image). what tide is when there is a high water-low water sequence that is repeated twice in one day? a delta in an area with strong tides that redistribute accumulating sediments. These waves move through water shallower than 1/20 their wavelength, These waves travel though water deeper than 1/20 but shallower than 1/2 their wavelength. Tests - Scioly.org Interactions between surface and groundwater. of a reaction by lowering the activation energy, but it how does kidney failure affect the nervous system, detailed record of a land area, giving geographic positions and elevations for both natural and man-made features. Horizontal distance between two consecutive wave crests or wave troughs, Vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent wave trough. << /Pages 63 0 R /Type /Catalog >> (See image), the volume of open spaces in rock or soil; the percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces. The restoring force is surface tension. On average, there is a distinct decrease of _______ near the equator at both poles, although for different reasons. =marine dumping They disrupt a waterway's ability to support vital ecosystems, have led to the extinction of many fish and other aquatic species, the disappearance of birds in floodplains, huge losses of forest, wetland and farmland, erosion of coastal deltas, and many other unmitigable impacts. The rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air, this causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic due to carbonic acid (which forms from carbon dioxide and water) as rain erodes rock, acids in rain water break down rock, this process creates ions, or electrically charged atomic particals. An area of waterlogged soil that tends to be peaty; fed mainly by upwelling water; low productivity. what is the deepest part of the ocean called? Deep ocean currents may be caused by ___, ___, ___? Patterns in which water drains: dendritic (dentrites), trellis (like in farming), rectangular (like those sand shaking things), and radial (run down the mountain). This type of tidal cycle is found commonly in the Gulf of Mexico.